Alkanes

alkanes are said to be saturated hydrocarbons.

The Alkane Names, And Its General Formula.


*difference between each successive member of alkane is CH2.


Boiling Points

there is a gradual increase in boiling point as the molecule becomes larger.
the first 4 series are gases, with their boiling points below room temperature.
for an alkane to be a waxy solid, it needs to have a melting point above room temperature.


-combustion

complete combustion-
alkane + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

incomplete combustion-
propane + oxygen -> carbon monoxide + water


-substituion with Cl

alkane + chlorine -> chloroalkane + hydrogen chloride


in short,

-the general formula for alkanes is Cn H2n+2

-alkanes are saturated compounds as they contain only single carbon-carbon covalent bonds.

-the boiling points gradually increase down the series.

-combustion products are CO2 and water.

-alkanes undergo substitution reactions as they are saturated molecules.


chill-